What tenant requirements define site layout, building size, and parking ratios?

Industrial tenants—ranging from manufacturers to logistics providers—have specific functional and operational needs that directly shape the site layout, building envelope, and support infrastructure. Understanding these tenant-driven requirements is essential to designing flexible, market-aligned industrial parks and subdivisions.

Below are the key tenant requirements that influence design decisions across layout, building dimensions, and parking standards:

1. Site Access and Circulation Needs

• Truck and Trailer Access:
  
  • Require wide internal roads (12–18 meters) and turning radii of 12–15 meters.
    
  • Separate entry/exit points are preferred for better circulation.
    
• Gated Access & Security:
  
  • Most tenants demand dedicated gate control, guard rooms, and CCTV-ready perimeters.
    
• Impact on Layout:
  
  • Plots must be road-facing with adequate queuing and lay-by zones.

2. Preferred Plot Sizes and Building Coverage Ratios

• Light Industry/MSME Tenants:
  
  • Plot size: 0.25 to 1 acre; prefer built-up area of 40–50% of the plot.
    
  • Use balance for truck movement, loading bays, and small green buffers.
    
• Mid-Size Manufacturers & Assemblers:
  
  • Plot size: 1 to 2.5 acres; buildings with 60–65% ground coverage.
    
  • Require more service yard space and utility zones.
    
• Large Logistics or Assembly Tenants:
  
  • Plot size: 3 to 10+ acres; prefer large-span, high-clearance buildings.
    
  • Building footprint covers 50–60%, with truck courts and dock loading zones occupying the rest.

3. Building Design Preferences

• Height Requirements:
  
  • Warehouses: 10–14 meters clear height for racking systems.
    
  • Manufacturing: Minimum 6–9 meters, depending on machinery.
    
• Structural Loads:
  
  • Floor load capacity of 3–5 tons/m² for heavy operations or pallet storage.
    
• Design Impact:
  
  • Wide column spacing, pre-engineered building options, and ventilation layout influence width and orientation.

4. Parking and Loading Bay Ratios

• Two-Wheeler Parking:
  
  • 1 space per 100–200 m² of built-up area for workforce-heavy tenants.
    
• Four-Wheeler/Visitor Parking:
  
  • 1 space per 300–500 m² for office/administration space.
    
• Truck Parking & Docking:
  
  • Minimum 1 truck bay per 500–1,000 m² of warehousing space.
    
  • Space for full trailer parking (30–40 ft) with maneuvering lanes (9–12 m wide).
    
• Impact on Layout:
  
  • Parking should not interfere with fire lanes or internal circulation.
    
  • Often placed on the rear or side of buildings for operational convenience.

5. Utility and Amenity Preferences

• Tenants expect:
  
  • Pre-laid utility lines for power, water, and data.
    
  • Common STPs/CETPs, fire hydrants, and DG provisions.
    
  • Worker amenities like restrooms, canteen space, and drinking water points.
    
• Impact:
  
  • Utility corridors and green belt zones are built into the layout width.
    
  • Space for substations, tanks, or solar panels may reduce buildable area if not pre-planned.