Traffic Impact Studies (TIS) are critical planning tools that evaluate how a proposed industrial or commercial development will affect the surrounding road network. These studies reveal future access concerns by forecasting traffic flow, congestion levels, and infrastructure demands based on land use and vehicle movement.
1. Key Elements of Traffic Impact Studies
a. Trip Generation Analysis
- Predicts the number of trips a development will generate daily.
- Identifies peak-hour demand (morning/evening congestion).
- Reveals if local roads can handle expected truck and employee traffic.
b. Access and Egress Evaluation
- Examines the number and location of entry/exit points.
- Highlights whether existing intersections can support increased movement.
- Identifies risks of queue spillback and delay at gates or turns.
c. Intersection Capacity Analysis
- Measures the Level of Service (LOS) using traffic simulation tools.
- Shows whether intersections will fail or slow down in future years.
- Reveals if signal timing changes or roundabout installation is needed.
2. Future Access Concerns Uncovered by TIS
a. Roadway Congestion
- An increase in heavy vehicle traffic causes chokepoints on nearby highways or arterial roads.
- May require road widening or new lanes to support freight.
b. Insufficient Turning Radii for Trucks
- Roads not designed for large vehicles lead to frequent delays or off-road driving.
- Impacts logistics efficiency and increases accident risks.
c. Inadequate Signal Timing
- High vehicle volumes at specific times (shift changes, deliveries) lead to signal failures.
- Calls for adaptive signal control systems.
d. Pedestrian and Worker Safety
- High vehicle density with limited pedestrian infrastructure is a hazard.
- May prompt the need for crosswalks, overpasses, or traffic calming measures.
e. Emergency Access Limitations
- Studies reveal that emergency vehicles cannot navigate during peak times.
- Crucial for industrial zones prone to fire or hazardous material risks.
f. Insufficient Public Transport Access
- Lack of bus stops or last-mile options increases private vehicle use, worsening traffic.
- Suggests the need for shuttle services or transit stops near the site.
4. Mitigation Strategies Based on Study Findings
- Add dedicated truck lanes or service roads.
- Create separate entry points for employees and freight.t
- Install traffic signals, signage, or realign roads.
- Design grade-separated junctions or flyovers
- Coordinate with local highway authorities for long-term upgrades.
5. When Are Traffic Impact Studies Required?
- During land conversion or zoning changes
- For logistics parks, industrial estates, and warehouses
- When built-up area exceeds government thresholds (e.g., >5,000 sqm)
- As part of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA)
