1. Surface (Stormwater) Drainage System
A well-designed surface drainage system is essential to manage rainwater and surface runoff within industrial premises. It typically includes:
- Open or covered concrete drains along roads and plot boundaries
- Stormwater catch pits and culverts to prevent waterlogging
- Sloped paving and curbing to direct runoff to designated drains
- Silt traps or oil separators where necessary to filter contaminants
Proper surface drainage protects structures, equipment, and roadways from flooding, erosion, and structural damage during heavy rains.
2. Industrial Wastewater (Effluent) Drainage
Industries that generate liquid waste or process water require specialized effluent drainage systems. These must be:
- Separate from domestic sewage lines to avoid contamination
- Designed to carry chemicals, solvents, or hazardous fluids
- Connected to either an on-site Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) or a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) in industrial parks
- Made of corrosion-resistant materials like PVC, HDPE, or lined RCC pipes
Effluent lines must comply with Pollution Control Board norms, including proper discharge and monitoring systems.
3. Domestic Sewage Drainage
Industries with workers, offices, canteens, or restrooms must install a domestic sewage system to handle:
- Toilet and kitchen wastewater
- Connected to municipal sewer networks, septic tanks, or Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)
- Equipped with inspection chambers, manholes, and ventilation systems
Segregation of domestic and industrial wastewater is mandatory for regulatory compliance and environmental protection.
4. Underground Drainage Networks
For large or modern industrial estates, underground drainage systems are preferred due to:
- Better aesthetics and safety
- Enclosed pipelines that reduce odor and exposure
- Easier integration with utility corridors and road networks
- Reduced maintenance from clogging or open drain hazards
These systems are built using RCC, HDPE, or vitrified clay pipes, supported by routine maintenance protocols.
5. Oil, Grease, and Sludge Interceptors
Industries dealing with lubricants, oils, or chemicals must include:
- Oil-water separators before discharging into public drains
- Sludge pits or sedimentation tanks for heavy particle settling
- Pre-treatment setups that prevent environmental contamination and ensure discharge standards
These components are often mandatory for automotive, engineering, and chemical industries.
6. Emergency Drainage Provisions
To prevent accidental overflow or hazardous discharge, industrial drainage systems should include:
- Overflow tanks or holding pits
- Diversion valves and emergency shutoff mechanisms
- Secondary containment zones around sensitive storage areas
Such infrastructure ensures safe handling of spills or system failures and aligns with fire safety and disaster response protocols.
7. Drainage with Monitoring and Compliance Features
Modern industrial drainage requires integrated systems that enable:
- Sampling chambers for effluent quality checks
- Flow meters or sensors for discharge monitoring
- Access points for periodic inspection and cleaning
These systems help industries maintain audit trails, documentation, and reporting for regulatory agencies.
